1999-2004

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Doctoral program in American Studies, University of Minnesota (Fulbright Scholar)

Dissertation: “Military Occupation as Pedagogy: The U.S. Re-education and Reorientation Policy for Occupied Japan, 1945-1952”

Explored how U.S. “Information and Education” policy in occupied Japan emerged out of wartime “re-education” policy, implemented in occupied Japan, sometimes aligned with educated Japanese women, and how it formed the groundwork for Cold War, overseas information policy.

2004-(until 2017)

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Associate Professor, Ehime University (Japan)

2006-2009

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JSPS-supported research project: “Interdisciplinary Study on the U.S. Industrial and Information Policies for the Pacific Rim Region in the Early Cold War Era” (Principal Investigator)

Collaboration of American Studies and Asian Studies scholars on Cultural Cold War in Asia.

2009

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Explored how U.S. government agencies, philanthropic organizations, and private companies engaged themselves in Cold War public diplomacy, and how Asian countries reacted to / appropriated U.S. information programs.

While writing my first two books, I was often asked by diplomatic historians how I would evaluate the “impact” of U.S. cultural/public diplomacy.  It is possible to discuss how cultural diplomacy goes beyond (or even against) government goals (as Penny Von Eschen has beautifully done in Satchmo Blows Up the World) but it is difficult to quantitatively evaluate the political influence of cultural diplomacy. However, I realized that science & technology was also used as weapons in the Cultural Cold War. Since science and technology often yields tangible products such as nuclear reactors or power plants, it might be actually possible to discuss the concrete consequences of cultural diplomacy through science and technology. So I ventured into a new field of research: public/cultural diplomacy through science & technology. It took a while to yield any results — I began to publish on this issue around 2011.

2010

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Explored “consensus” and “counter-consensus” cultures of American Women during the 1950s and how those images were exported overseas.

Explored how U.S. state-sponsored films (CIE or USIS films) were produced in or imported to post-WWII occupied Japan and forcefully screened all over the country by using 16mm mobile projectors. Audiences reactions were mixed, and their social impacts also varied.

Tsuchiya, Yuka. “Turkish Troops in Korean War and the USIS films: U.S. Overseas Media Strategy in the Cultural Cold War,” The Bulletin of the Faculty of Law and Letters: Comprehensive Policy Making, no. 28 (2010): pp.109-126. (Japanese language.)

Explored U.S. state-sponsored films (USIS films) on Turkish troops in Korean War. I discussed what was represented, misrepresented, and deleted from government-sponsored films.

2011

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Tsuchiya, Yuka. “Chapter 7: Construction of Knowledge on Asia-Pacific during the 1920s” in Japan and International Relations in the 1920’s―Beyond Chaos and Into the New Order ed. By Sugita Yoneyuki. Tokyo: Shunpusha Publishing Co., pp. 233-278. (Japanese language.)

Discussed how “Race Development Theory” of the early twentieth century has changed is form but continued into the U.S. and Japanese intellectuals’ worldview of the 1920s. Special focus on George H. Blakeslee, a U.S. historian who later contributed to the State Department postwar planning for occupied Japan.

Tsuchiya, Yuka. “Chapter 7. Atoms for Peace Campaign as Public Diplomacy: U.S.-Japan Relations in the 1950s” in Japan-US Alliance, ed. By Takeuchi Toshitaka. Minerva Publishing Co., 2011, pp. 180-209. (Japanese language.)

This is my first published article on the issue of public diplomacy through science and technology – especially nuclear technology. Using archival documents of the U.S. State Department and Atomic Energy Agency, I explored the back-stage discussions on Atoms for Peace programs for Japan. I argued that Atoms for Peace in Japan was a form of public diplomacy through which to align Japan with the U.S. not only politically but also culturally and technologically. I also pointed out the U.S. fear that such public diplomacy would backfire. The U.S. government officials had to avoid any misstep that might provoke memories of Hiroshima, Nagasaki, and the Bikini.

Tsuchiya, Yuka. “U.S. Industry and Technology in the Cultural Cold War : Case Studies of Korea and Japan in mid 1950s,” Nanzan Review of American Studies : Journal of Center for American Studies, Nanzan University, vol. 33 (2011): pp.189-207. (English)

Focusing on a USIS film entitled More Power to Korea, I explored how U.S. private company Bechtel, State Department, USIA, and the United Nations Command cooperated in building a power plant in the Republic of Korea and created a film on the construction process in the years immediately after the Korean War. This is a case study of how tangible technology is used as a cultural symbol and a tool of public diplomacy.

Tsuchiya, Yuka. “Alaska, the 49th State, and Hawaii, the 50th State: USIS Films and the U.S. Hegemony in the Pacific in the Early Cold War Era,” The Bulletin of the Faculty of Law and Letters: Comprehensive Policy Making, no. 30 (2011): pp.47-60. (Originally written in English)

2012

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Tsuchiya, Yuka. and Yoshimi Shun’ya. Occupying Eyes, Occupying Voices: CIE/USIS Films and VOA Radio, Tokyo: Tokyo University Press, 2012. (Japanese language.)

A collection of articles on the USIS films and the VOA radio broadcasting targeting Asia during the early Cold War years. A result of three-year JSPS-supported interdisciplinary collaboration by Media History, East Asian History, and U.S. History scholars.

Tsuchiya, Yuka. “Column: USIS Films as Cold War Media” in Misawa, Mamie, Sato Takumi, Kawashima, Shin, eds. Radio, Films, and TV: Inter-connected Media in East Asia. Tokyo: Seikyu-sha, 2012.

2013

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Tsuchiya, Yuka. “Chapter 2: U.S. Private Industry’s Entry Into Nuclear Businesses during the Eisenhower Presidensy,” in Kato, Tetsuro and Ikawa, Mitsuo eds. Nuclear Energy and the Cold War: Emergence of Nuclear Power Generation in Japan and Asia. Tokyo: Kadensha Publishing Co. 2013, pp. 55-85.

Tsuchiya, Yuka. “The U.S. Advisory Commission on Information and Mark Arthur May : A Report on Unattributed Activities of the USIS in Japan in the 1950s,” Intelligence, vol. 13 (March 2013): pp13-15. (Originally written in Japanese)

Explored the background of the 1959 “Mark May Report” which detailed the un-attributed (clandestine) activities carried out by the USIA in Japan during the 1950s. My focus is how psychologist Mark May ended up evaluating the U.S. government’s clandestine activities as a member of Advisory Committee to USIA, shedding light on the entangled relationships between social science and the government information policies.

2015

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Tsuchiya, Yuka. “The Cultural Cold War and Study-Abroad Orientation Films : The GARIOA Scholars from Japan and Okinawa under the US Military Occupation,” Ehime Law Journal, vol. 42 – no. 1 (May 2015): pp.75-100. (Originally written in Japanese)

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2016

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Tsuchiya, Yuka. “Atoms for Peace After the Sputnik Shock” in The Age of Nuclear Energy: History of Japanese Atomic Energy Development, eds. by Kojita Yasunao, et al. Tokyo: Tokyodo Publishing Co., 2016, pp.193-223

Discussed how U.S. public diplomacy through science and technology shifted its course after the Soviet Union succeeded in launching the satellite Sputnik. Opening with President Eisenhower’s 1958 State of the Union in which he declared “Science for Peace” as replacing “Atoms for Peace,” the article explores how U.S. public diplomacy targeted more on people of the Third World, and more focused on humanitarian technologies such as medicine and food production.

2017

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Tsuchiya, Yuka. “U.S.-Japan Relations through Tuna Fishing and Canneries : The Trade Conflict of the 1950s-60s, Nuclear Tests, and Continuity from the Prewar Era,” The Chu-Shikoku American Studies Society, vol. 8 (March 2017): pp.111-131. (Originally written in Japanese)

Tsuchiya, Yuka. “Atoms for Peace and the Spread of U.S. Research Reactors in Asia”, Cold War Culture in East Asia, Somyong Publishing Co., 2017. (Originally written in Korean)

Tsuchiya, Yuka. “Chapter 2 – U.S. Export of Nuclear Reactors and Japan’s Decision,” Nuclear Governance of the United States, eds. Kan, Hideki. and Hatsuse, Ryuhei. Tokyo: Kouyou Publishing Co., 2017. pp.54-84. (Japanese language.)

Explored how U.S. and U.K. competed in exporting nuclear reactors to Japan, how U.S. government and industry tried to persuade Japan to buy U.S. light water reactors, and how “trust” in U.S. technology was gradually constructed among Japanese scientific elite, resulting in Japan’s reliance on U.S. nuclear technology for long years thereafter.

2018

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Tsuchiya, Yuka. “Resonance of the Anti-Nuclear and Anti-Communist: Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists and the Congress of Cultural Freedom in the 1950s,” Japanese Journal of American History, no. 41 (September 2018): pp.36-51 (Originally written in Japanese)

Using Papers of the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, the International Association of Cultural Freedom, Eugene Rabinowitch, (all stored at the Special Collection, University of Chicago) as well as records of the Department of State, and drawing on existing English-language scholarly works, I have explored why “liberal” scientists were attracted to “anti-Communist” organizations. Based on the text analysis of the writings of scientists who were involved both in the Bulletin of Atomic Scientists and the Congress for Cultural Freedom, I have portrayed the transition of their thoughts on “freedom of culture” and “freedom of science.” The article shows how science was entangled with Cold War politics, and that was why science became an important tool of public/cultural diplomacy. This article shows the development of my thought on science and public diplomacy since it was first conceived in 2009.

Tsuchiya, Yuka. “The U.S. Information and Education Programs for Exporting Light Water Nuclear Reactors to Japan” REKISHIGAKU KENKYU (Journal of Historical Studies), no. 976 (October 2018): pp.129-138. (Originally written in Japanese)

Tsuchiya, Yuka. “Chapter8 – The Cold War World Portrayed by U.S. Government-sponsored Films,” in World History through Information, eds. Minamizuka, Shingo. Tokyo: Minerva Publishing Co., 2019, pp.219-241. (Originally written in Japanese)

Focused on the U.S. Medical Aid for Southeast Asia as a tool of public diplomacy. Specifically, the article explored the Project Hope, both actual medical aid program and a documentary film on it. One of the typical “science for peace” activities after the Sputnik Shock.

2019

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Tsuchiya, Yuka. “Japanese Tuna-Fisheries from the mid-1950s to 60s and the United States: A Comparison of ‘Subsistence’ versus ‘Migrant Work’ Type Communities,” The Chu-Shikoku American Studies Society, vol. 9 (March 2019): pp.1-21. (Originally written in Japanese)

Forthcoming

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Tsuchiya, Yuka. “32. The Occupation: Pedagogies of Modernity: CIE and USIS Films about the United Nations,” in The Japanese Cinema Book, Fujiki, Hideaki. and Phillips, Alastair, eds., London: British Film Institute, 2020. (Originally written in English)